Lemma 1de
preposition
down/away from, from, off; about, of, concerning; according to; with regard toMorphology
inv.de · regular
Lewis & Short
dē, down, only in the phrase susque deque,
the going out, departure, removal, or separating of an object from any fixed point. Accordingly, it occupies a middle place between ab, away from, which denotes a mere external departure, and ex, out of, which signifies from the interior of a thing. Hence verbs compounded with de are constr. not only with de, but quite as with ab and ex; and, on the other hand, those compounded with ab and ex often have the terminus a quo indicated by de, from, away from, down from, out of,
In space, and with verbs of motion: animam de corpore mitto, Enn. (Ann. 216 Vahl.); : = ex provincia, §: ;
, to indicate the person or place from which any thing is taken, , with verbs of taking away, depriving, demanding, requesting, inquiring, buying; as capere, sumere, emere, quaerere, discere, trahere, , and their compounds.
To point out the place from which any thing is brought; and hence, , to indicate its origin, derivation, : of, from: de circo astrologi, Enn.
, to indicate the quarter from which motion proceeds ( ab), from, and because motion is so often and naturally downwards, down from — In jurid. Latin: de plano discutere, interloqui, cognoscere, , on level ground, not on the tribunal. 3, 11 ; so, de plano, off-hand, without formal consideration.
In time.
Immediately following a given moment of time, after, directly after (very rare): ( Munro, ad loc.). — Hence, diem de die, from day to day, day after day; de die in diem, from day to day, daily ( )
De nocte, de vigilia, , to designate an act which begins or takes its origin from the night-time, during or in the course of the night, at night, by night, : De. Rus cras cum filio Cum primo lucu ibo hinc. Mi. Imo de nocte censeo, to-night rather: in comitium Milo de nocte venit, in the night ( shortly before, Milo media nocte in campum venit); Drak.; vigilia. — As in this manner de nocte became adverbially = nocte, so de die was sometimes used for die or per diem — Less , de mense — And once de tempore for tempore: ipse de tempore coenavit.
In other relations, implying separation, departure from,
To designate the whole, from which a part is taken, or of which a part is separately regarded, , from among, out of, from:
Sometimes de with takes the place of the partit. or obj. In the best writers this occurs mainly.
to avoid ambiguity where genitives would be multiplied.
for greater precision.
in the poets, metri gratiā. This circumlocution was in comic writers and in vulgar lang., and became more common in the declining periods of the lang., so that in the Romance tongues de, di, , with a case represent the earlier genitive (so, conscius, conscientia, meminisse, mentionem facere, recordari, , de aliqua re for alicujus rei, h. vv.).
To indicate the property from which the costs of any thing are taken; For de tuo, once de te. — Also in a sense — , to denote that out of which, or by which, one pays a penalty or suffers punishment.
To designate the material of which any thing is made, of, out of, from; — by means of. — Prov.
In mental operations, to indicate the subject-matter or theme on which any mental act (thinking, considering, advising, determining, ; discoursing, informing, exhorting, deciding, disputing, doubting, ) is founded; of, about, concerning, — With this, too, is connected its use.
To indicate the producing cause or reason, for, on account of, because of; Cael
To indicate the thing with reference to which any thing is done, with respect to, concerning: nil peccat de savio, Caec. ( 161 Ribbeck) — Ellipt.: (for which: quod de argento sperem, nihil est)
To indicate the thing in conformity with which any thing is done, according to, after; de consilii sententia Mamertinis se frumentum non imperare pronunciat.
With adjectives to form adverbial expressions.
De integro, anew ( = ab integro, ex integro; iterum, rursus, denuo), indidemque eadem aeque oriuntur de integro, atque eodem occidunt, Pac. Müll. ( 92 Ribb.); (The combination de novo appears only in the contracted form denuo, h. ).
De improviso, unexpectedly.
De transverso, unexpectedly.!*? De is often put between an or and its substantive; in the judic. formula: qua de re agitur; Also after a simple relative.
In composition the e becomes short before a vowel, as in dĕhisco, dĕhinc, dĕorsum, and coincides with it in the poets by synaeresis; dehinc, deinde, deinceps, deorsum; sometimes contraction takes place, as in debeo, debilis, dego, demo, from dehabeo, de-habilis, de-ago, de-emo.
Signif.
Separation, departure, removal, taking away; off, away, down, out: decedo, demigro, demeto, depromo, descendo, devolvo, derivo, deflecto, ; and dedico, denuntio; and in a downward direction, decido, decumbo, deprimo, demergo, delabor, defluo, demitto, desido, desideo, declivis, deculco, degredior, deicio,
Cessation, removal of the fundamental idea ( = un-, de-, dis-): dearmo, deartuo, decresco, dedisco, dedecoro, dedignor, dedoceo, denascor, denormo, desum, ; and hence direct negation, as in dedecet, deformis, demens,
With reference to the terminus of the action: defero, defigo, demitto, ; hence also , with reference to the extent of the action, to the uttermost, to exhaustion, through. out: debacchor, debello, dedolo, delino, delibuo, : defatigo, delaboro, delasso, ; hence a mere strengthening of the fundamental idea, = valde, thoroughly, much: demiror, demitigo,
Giving a bad sense to the verb: decipio, delinquo, deludo, derideo, detestor.
Rarely, contraction from a broad into a narrow space, together: deligo, devincio. See also Hand Turs. II. p. 183-229.