Lemma 1sub

preposition

under; up to, up under, close to (of motion); until, before, up to, about

Morphology1 analysis

inv.sub · regular

Lewis & Short

key · subFull entry

sŭb, prep., acc., abl.

I.infra, III., with and [perh. for es-ub, ens-ub, = and; cf. ], under.

II.With abl., to point out the object under which a thing is situated or takes place (Gr., with dat. or gen.), under, below, beneath, underneath.

A.Of space; saepe est sub palliolo sordido sapientia, Caecil. ap.; (v. divus, II.) — Trop.

2.Transf., of lofty objects, at the foot of which, or in whose immediate neighborhood, any thing is situated, under, below, beneath, at the foot of, at, by, near, before; al.; Müll. — Trop.

B.Of time, in, within, during, at, by: al.

C.In other relations, where existence under or in the immediate vicinity of any thing may be conceived.

1.Under, in rank or order; hence, next to, immediately after: Euryalumque Helymus sequitur.

2.In gen., of subjection, domination, stipulation, influence, effect, reason, etc., under, beneath, with: sub armis vitam cernere, Enn. ap. Müll. (Trag. v. 297 Vahl.)

3.Trop., under, subject to, in the power of; during, in the time of, upon, etc.; sub manu alicujus esse, Planc. ap. — in certain phrases where the simple abl. is more freq.: Weissenb. ad loc.

III.With acc., to point out the object under which a thing comes, goes, extends, etc. (Gr., with acc.), under, below, beneath.

A.Of space, usually with verbs of motion; Dietsch ad loc. — Trop. — Rarely with verb of rest.

2.Transf. (cf. supra, I. A. 2.), of lofty objects, to the foot of which, or into whose immediate neighborhood, any thing comes, or near to which it extends, under, below, beneath, to, near to, close to, up to, towards, etc.

B.Of time, denoting a close approximation.

1.Before, towards, about, shortly before, up to, until.

2.After, immediately after, just after, immediately upon.

C.In other relations, in which a coming under any thing may be conceived: sub manum submittere, at hand, convenient, Auct. B. Afr. 36, 1: al. sub manu.

IV.In composition, the b remains unchanged before vowels and before b, d, j, l, n, s, t, v. Before m and r it is frequently, and before the remaining consonants, c, f, g, p, it is regularly assimilated. Yet here the MSS. vary, as in ob, ad, in, etc. Before some words commencing with c. p, t, it assumes the form sus, by the rejection of the b from a collateral form subs (analog. to abs); e. g. suscipio, suscito, suspendo, sustineo, sustuli, sustollo. Before s, with a following consonant, there remains merely su in the words suspicio, suspicor, suspiro; cf., however: substerno, substituo, substo, substruo al.

B.In composition, sub denotes.

1.Lit., a being situated or contained under, a putting or bringing under, or a going in under any thing: subaeratus, subcavus; subdo, subigo, subicio; subhaereo, subaperio; subedo.

2.Hence, also, a concealing or being concealed behind something; a secret action: subnoto, surripio, suffuror, subausculto, suborno.

3.Transf., a being placed or ranked under: subcenturio, subcurator, subcustos, etc.; or a being or doing any thing in a lower or inferior degree, a little, somewhat, rather, slightly: subabsurdus, subagrestis, subalbus, etc.; subaccusare, subirascor, etc.